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Pathophysiology Of Tetralogy Of Fallot. Tetralogy of fallot includes the following four components. They usually result in an insufficient amount of oxygenated blood reaching the body. Tetralogy of fallot is made up of the following four defects of the heart and its blood vessels. Introduction tetralogy of fallot was fi rst described by niels stenson.
The timing and severity of presentation usually depend on the degree of right ventricular. A ventricular septal defect or vsd which is a hole in the tissue wall separating the ventricles of the heart. Tetralogy of fallot is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. It s a tetrad of ventricular septal defect vsd pulmonary stenosis ps right ventricular hypertrophy rvh and overriding aorta. Causes diagnosis early treatment and late outcomes of tetralogy of fallot emphasising the continuum of multidisciplinary care that is necessary for best possible lifelong treatment of the 1 of the population born with congenital heart diseases. Normally the left side of the heart only pumps blood to the body and the heart s right side only pumps blood to the lungs.
When affected babies cry or have a bowel movement they may develop a tet spell where they turn very blue have difficulty breathing become limp and occasionally lose consciousness.
This condition also is called a ventricular septal defect. Tetralogy of fallot is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. In a child with tetralogy of fallot blood can travel across the hole vsd from the right pumping chamber right ventricle to the left pumping chamber left ventricle and out into the body artery aorta. The disease is the confluence of 4 pathologic cardiac features. What is tetralogy of fallot. A hole in the wall between the two lower chambers or ventricles of the heart.